• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to an air solar collector (1) with a cut-out in the back (3) over which a solar cell (3) can be placed and maintained so that it can receive sunlight (7) passing through the transparent cover layer (6) of the solar collector. The solar cell (8) can now emit excess heat to the rear so that it does not overheat at the fan stop. When placing the air solar collector (9) on a wall (18) with a small distance from it, the majority of heat emitted from the solar cell to the air at the back will be sucked into the solar collector and thus not lose energy. A solar cell can now be replaced without interfering with the solar collector. Pga. the improved cooling of the solar cell, you can now mount side plates (10) on the solar collector (9) which protects against direct wind cooling of the rear of the solar collector and will further preheat the intake air (11) before it is drawn into the solar collector itself (12) when the sun's (7) hits the side plate (10). Side panels can be used for wall mounting (18). To protect the solar cell from rain, wind cooling, mechanical impact from snow or impact, a protective plate (14) made of metal can be placed over the mounted solar cell (15). The plate is provided with a black felt (23) on the underside to better receive radiant heat from the solar cell (2) when it is heated by the sun. The large surface of the felt can then more efficiently give off the heat to the self-circulating air which flows in at (20) and out at (21) when the solar collector is not forcibly ventilated or out at (22) when the fan draws the air in at (13). Here, the heated air from the solar cell's waste heat will be drawn into the solar collector itself (5).
    公开号:DK201300226A1
    申请号:DKP201300226
    申请日:2013-04-16
    公开日:2014-10-17
    发明作者:Christensen Hans Jørgen
    申请人:Udlejer Hans Jørgen Christensen；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Solar collector oblique solar cell Integrated in back
    The present invention relates to an air collector with an integrated solar cell in the back wall of the collector, as well as the addition of efficiency-improving plates to the sides of the air collector.
    Background In air collector systems where a solar cell operates one or more associated fans or the like. it is often difficult to cool the solar cell sufficiently if it is integrated into the collector itself. This is especially true in solar panels that are installed in southern and warm countries and is particularly critical when the fan that drives air through the collector is switched off.
    Here, temperatures in the solar cell exceeding 95 degrees C can occur, which have a devastating effect on a normal solar cell and which both reduce the service life and performance.
    Typically, this problem is solved by either putting the solar cell next to the solar collector or mounting it outside on the solar collector's transparent cover layer or by allowing an additional fan to cool the solar cell. All of these solutions have several drawbacks that reduce the collector's performance or usability. Another important point in relation to user and service friendliness is the possibility of replacing a possible one. defective solar cell without major intervention, fast and uncomplicated sely for a layman.
    Therefore, it is important to find a solution that satisfies both performance, aesthetics, friendliness and durability all at once.
    Once this solution is implemented, without the risk of overheating the solar cell, additional elements can be added that increase the air collector's performance and temperature and which are described here as solar heat absorbing and wind protection plates on the side of the solar panels.
    Brief Description of the Invention
    The present invention relates to the placement of a solar cell in a given air collector in a new way that has not hitherto been seen so that all the above-mentioned wishes and requirements are fulfilled at once. In addition, once this action is completed, the described solar panels can be added without the risk of overheating the solar cell to significantly increase the efficiency.
    Namely, a cut is made in the back wall of the collector (and any insulation) which in size corresponds to the active area of the solar cell. The edges of this cut are provided with rails in which the solar cell can be pushed in and attached to the back of the collector. Ie that the solar cell is always available and can be replaced, usually without the use of tools. The active area of the solar cell is thus free to receive the sun's rays after they have passed through the collector's transparent cover layer. At the same time, the back of the solar cell can be cooled directly by the air, and thus kept below a critical temperature, even in the hottest climate. The location also means that the solar cell is only visible to the outside and thus does not detract from the appearance.
    Many air collectors are placed on house walls at a small distance, and depending on the collector's design, the heat released from the back of the solar cell can be absorbed to the collector's air intake and thus not lost. On the basis of the small area of the solar cell in relation to the entire area of the solar collector, heat loss from the solar cell is in any case very marginal. More importantly, the cooled solar cell will have both higher performance and longer shelf life.
    The solar cell can take many shapes and sizes and be with or without a frame. Importantly, the cut hole in the back of the collector and any insulation will not shade the solar cell's active (photovoltaic) area regardless of the angle of incidence of the sun's rays. Furthermore, it is important that there is free air circulation on the back of the collector and the solar cell. If necessary, the solar cell can also be supplied with cooling fins on the back, eg in aluminum. Or as shown here in Figures 5 to 8 with a plate device that protects the back of the solar cell from drought and mechanical impact from snow pressure (when mounted on roof) or other impact. This plate assembly creates an increased air self-circulation on the back of the solar cell in the event that the collector is not cooled with active ventilation, and contributes to the waste heat from the solar cell during active plant operation being sucked in by the back of the air collector when it is present.
    The invention can be used in most known types of air collector and also in several types of liquid-based collectors, where the solar cell is usually used to operate a pump. In an air collector system, an additional fan is often associated with blowing air elsewhere in the building. This fan, which gets its electricity from the solar cell described here, now has more electricity available due to the improved cooling of the solar cell.
    The traditional methods and mounting of solar cells on or in or next to air collectors to prevent overheating (above about 90 degrees C) of the solar cell all have many disadvantages, such as cooling fan noise, frightening appearance, poor performance and difficulty in service and replacement. of the solar cell. All these conditions are resolved at once with this invention.
    The invention thus relates to an air collector which comprises at least one transparent or translucent front panel and a rear panel, the front panel and the rear panel enclosing an internal volume of the air collector, e.g. together with a side frame, an air inlet opening from the surroundings to the inner volume of the air collector, an air outlet opening to the surroundings from the inner volume of the air collector, ie. where the heated air is conducted to e.g. a space to be heated, an electric fan arranged to drive an air flow through the internal volume from the air intake port to the air outlet opening, thereby heating the air flow, and a solar panel comprising photovoltaic cells electrically connected to the fan to drive this wherein the solar panel is located in the rear panel in such a way that it is interchangeable from the outside of the rear panel, and wherein the air collector is designed so that the photovoltaic cells of the solar panel can receive light from the surroundings via the front panel, e.g. by a heat-absorbing part, such as black felt, as shown later in the example.
    The back panel of the air collector preferably comprises a cut-out in which the solar cell is located in the back panel, so that the back of the soilie panel can supply heat to the ambient of the air collector by cooling an air flow running along the back panel and / or by heat radiation.
    The cutout is preferably of a size so that the back of the solar panel is substantially exposed to the ambient of the air collector and thus can be cooled in most of the back area.
    The air collector may further comprise a cover plate located behind the back of the solar panel at a distance therefrom, the distance between the cover plate and the back of the solar panel being preferably between 0.5 and 2.5 cm, so that an air flow between the cover plate and the back of the solar panel is allowed to cool. the latter.
    In particular, the cutout may be provided with rails for accommodating the edges of the solar panel, so that the solar panel can be displaced to and from its location substantially parallel to the rear panel extension plane.
    At least a portion of the air intake opening may be provided in the rear panel, preferably in the form of a perforation of at least a portion of the rear panel, so that the air is sucked in through the rear panel. Alternatively, the air intake opening may be located in a side frame connecting the front panel and the rear panel to close the internal volume towards the surroundings, or air intake openings may be provided in the rear panel as well as in a side frame.
    Advantageously, the air collector further comprises at least one side plate extending in a plane substantially parallel to a plane in which the air collector extends and extending adjacent to the front panel of the air collector, the side plate or side plates being arranged so as to air during operation of the air collector fan can be heated by contact with the at least one side plate and then sucked in through the air collector's air intake opening.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, the at least one side plate has a perforation so that the air during operation of the air collector fan can be heated by flowing through the side plate or side plates and is then sucked in through an air intake outlet provided in the rear panel.
    Brief description of the drawing
    An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which: Figure 1 shows the back of an air collector which is constructed in accordance with a general principle with a perforated plate. Furthermore, see how a solar cell is pushed into a holder system which is attached where there is also a cutout in the collector's back plate, figure 2 shows the same air collector in cross section and how sunlight first penetrates through the collector's transparent cover layer and hits the solar cell afterwards.
    Figure 3 shows the same solar panel seen from the front with mounted perforated side plates. These panels can be designed and decorated in a myriad of ways and protect against direct wind under the collector; Figure 4 shows the same collector seen in cross-section with mounted perforated side panels. Arrows in the figure show respectively. the radiation of the sun (large arrows) and the migration of air by active plant (small arrows) Figure 5 shows a plate mounted over the back of the solar cell at a certain distance. This plate is slightly larger than the solar cell. Then excess heat from this is directed to the air collector intake holes, Figure 6 shows the same device located on the collector side view. Small arrows indicate the air migration during active operation of (air) solar panels, Figure 7 shows the same device enlarged to see the principle of the air migration and cooling of the solar cell when the solar collector is not active. Black felt can also be glued to the inside of this plate, so that radiant heat from the solar cell is more easily converted into air heat.
    Figure 8 shows the same device on the air collector as seen from the side with active operation of ventilation. Arrows indicate that hot air from the solar cell is transferred to the air collector intake on the back of it.
    Detailed Description of Embodiment
    Figure 1 shows the back of a typical air collector (1) here with perforated metal plate. A solar cell (2) having the photovoltaic side facing down towards the rear of the air collector is pushed in over a cutout (3) in the rear of an appropriate holding system. The cut-out is adapted to the solar cell's active area so that there is no shadow. Extract the heated air for the collector by the plug (4).
    FIG. 2 shows the same air collector in cross section (5) with a transparent cover made of glass or plastic (6) so that the rays of the sun can penetrate (7) and hit the active area of the solar cell (8). Solar panels are located on a wall (18)
    FIG. 3 shows the same collector as seen from the front (9). Typically, the collector is mounted on a wall (18) at a small distance. The air is sucked in on the back of the collector and will typically be drawn in from all sides of the collector. On the 2 sides are mounted perforated side plates (10), where the air is drawn through and into the back of the collector (11) Here shown with arrows. The same side panels reduce blows from blown under the collector
    The solar cell (2) can now supply surplus heat to the air behind the collector (1) and will then achieve better performance in power generation and will at the same time be protected from devastating temperatures which can occur especially when interrupted for fan operation and thus for air flow through the collector. .
    An important thing is that with this construction you are now able to replace a defective solar cell without special intervention in the collector.
    Fig. 4 shows the air travel (il) through the side plates (10) for the collector intake on the back (12). The air is typically blown into the frame behind the wall (18) shown by the arrow (13)
    Fig. 5 shows how the solar cell 2 is pushed over the opening (3) in the back of the collector. When the solar cell is in place (15) it is covered by a plate (14) which is slightly larger than the solar cell and which is at a distance from it (typically 1 cm). (16) shows the plate over the solar cell,
    FIG. 6 is a side view of the air collector in cross section (5) with the cover plate (14) mounted. Typical airflow in a solar heated but inactive and «ventilated air collector is shown here with arrows. Cold air is sucked into the bottom of the collector (17) by self-circulation and hot air is released into the top (19). At the same time, there is self-circulation of the air in the space between the solar cell (12) and the cover plate (14). This process is described in more detail
    FIG. 7 shows a typical air flow in the space between the solar cell (2) and the cover plate (14) when the air collector is not in active operation for forced ventilation, but is still sunlit. This increases the temperature of the solar cell and will give off heat both by convection and as radiant heat at the back. To increase the emission of radiant heat from the solar cell (2) to the cover plate (14), it is provided with a black felt (23). In addition, the large surface of the felt increases the transfer of heat to the air circulating, shown here by arrows. Cold air is sucked into the bottom (20) and passes up through the gap (24). Shown here with several arrows. The heated air seeks out at the top (21) and disappears into the open air.
    Fig. 8 shows a typical air flow in the entire air collector (5) and in the space between the solar cell (2) and the cover plate (14) when the air-oil heater is not in active operation due to forced ventilation, but is sunlit. This increases the temperature of the solar cell and will give off heat both by convection and as radiant heat to the air in the space (24). Ie the same process shown in FIG. 7. A crucial difference now occurs at the top of the cover plate, where the air is wholly or partially sucked in through the back of the collector at (22). Thus no or only marginal heat is wasted.
    The arrows (29) show the direction of the air down towards the total exhaust (13) where the air is sent into the building.
    When installing the air collector on a roof where the back is free from wind and weather, the cover plate (14) protects against unnecessary cooling from wind and with rain and snow pressure.
    (30) and (31) show a perforated plate and an absorbent blanket, respectively, which form a typical backside of an air collector.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    An air collector (1) comprising at least one transparent or translucent front panel (6) and a rear panel, the front panel and rear panel enclosing an inner volume (5) of the air collector, an air intake opening (12) from the ambient to the inner volume of the air collector, an air outlet opening (4) to the environment from the inner volume of the air collector, an electric fan arranged to drive an air flow through the internal volume from the air intake orifice to the air outlet orifice, and a solar panel (2) comprising photovoltaic cells (8) electrically connected to the fan to operate it, characterized in that the solar panel is located in the rear panel in such a way that it is interchangeable from the outside of the rear panel, gather that the solar collector is designed so that the photovoltaic cells of the solar panel can receive light from the surroundings via the front panel,
    [2]
    The air collector according to claim 1, wherein the back panel comprises a cutout (3), wherein the solar cell is located in the back panel, so that the back of the solar panel can supply heat to the ambient of the air collector.
    [3]
    The air collector according to claim 2, wherein the cutout is of a size such that the back of the solar panel is exposed substantially to the environment of the air collector.
    [4]
    An air collector according to claim 2 or 3 further comprising a cover plate (14) located behind the back of the solar panel at a distance therefrom, the distance between the cover plate and the back of the solar panel being preferably between 0.5 and 2.5 cm, such that an air flow between the cover plate and the back of the solar panel is allowed to cool the latter.
    [5]
    An air collector according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the cutout at the edges is provided with rails for receiving the edges of the solar panel, so that the solar panel can be displaced to and from its location substantially parallel to the rear panel extension plane.
    [6]
    Air collector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least part of the air intake opening is provided in the rear panel, preferably in the form of a perforation of at least part of the rear panel.
    [7]
    An air collector according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one side plate (10) extending in a plane substantially parallel to a plane in which the air collector extends and extending adjacent to it. the front panel of the air collector, the side plate (10) or side plates (10) being arranged so that air during operation of the air collector fan can be heated by contact with the at least one side plate and then sucked in through the air collector air intake opening.
    [8]
    The air collector according to claim 7, wherein the at least one side plate (10) has a perforation so that the air during operation of the air collector fan can be heated by flowing through the side plate (10) or the side plates (10) and then sucked in through an air intake opening, provided in the rear panel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK177894B1|2014-11-24|
    WO2014169922A1|2014-10-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DK200701008A|2007-07-07|2009-01-08|Madsen Carsten Lund|collector|
    EP2230697B1|2009-03-20|2012-02-01|SAVIO S.p.A.|Ventilated photovoltaic receiver|
    DK177472B1|2009-11-24|2013-06-24|Hans Joergen Christensen|Improvement of a solar collector panel|WO2018233791A1|2017-06-20|2018-12-27|Udlejer Hans Jørgen Christensen|Air collector and method for providing an air collector with a heat recovery unit|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DK201300226|2013-04-16|
    DKPA201300226A|DK177894B1|2013-04-16|2013-04-16|Solar panel with solar cell integrated in back|DKPA201300226A| DK177894B1|2013-04-16|2013-04-16|Solar panel with solar cell integrated in back|
    PCT/DK2014/050100| WO2014169922A1|2013-04-16|2014-04-15|Solar air collector|
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